001). Calculi and oncology subspecialist distributions suggest greater overall risk. Complaint types also varied among subspecialists (p = 0.02). There was no association between top decile urologists and complaint
type profile (p = 0.19).
Conclusions: Unsolicited patient complaints were nonrandomly distributed among PCI 32765 urologists and urological subspecialties. Monitoring patient complaints may allow for early identification of and intervention with high risk urologists before malpractice claims accumulate.”
“Slowly adapting pulmonary stretch receptors (SARs) provide the respiratory and cardiovascular control systems with information regarding the rate and depth of breathing Previous information theoretical analysis demonstrated that SAR spike count provides a reliable representation of lung distension This study examines whether SAR spike patterns may also provide information about selleck kinase inhibitor lung distension. To investigate this, artificial spike trains were generated with the same number of spikes (but randomized intervals) as those recorded from SARs in response to three different lung inflation volumes in urethane-anesthetized
rabbits Three different spike train classification methods were applied to estimate which stimulus evoked them, and the accuracy with which artificial spike trains were classified was compared to that of real SAR spike trains using the same methods Because real SAR spike trains were classified with higher accuracies than artificial ones containing the same number of spikes, we conclude that SAR spike patterns, in addition to spike counts, contain information concerning the amplitude of lung distension. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd All rights reserved”
“Purpose: The average American adult reads at a fifth to eighth-grade level, with wide variability, presenting challenges for the assessment of self-reported health related quality of life. We identified the health related quality of life instruments used in patients with urological diseases and evaluated their Thiamine-diphosphate kinase readability.
Materials and Methods: We focused on the most burdensome urological diseases, based on total expenditures
in the United States. We then identified disease specific instruments by systematically searching PubMed (R), the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Googlel (TM), Google Scholar (TM), the Patient Reported Outcome and Quality of Life Instruments Database (Mapi Research Institute, Lyon, France) and Yahoo!(R) for health related quality of life studies in patients with these urological conditions. Where disease specific instruments were lacking, we noted the general health related quality of life measures most commonly used. For each instrument, we calculated the median Flesch-Kincaid grade level, the proportion of questionnaire items below an eighth-grade reading level, the mean Flesch Reading Ease, and the mean number of words per sentence and characters per word, all of which are validated measures of readability.