Early interventions designed to help fathers manage anger and improve their bonds with their infants may lead to positive outcomes for both fathers and their children.
A father's anger, both overtly and implicitly communicated (through demonstrated patience and tolerance in the father-infant bond), is a factor that significantly affects their experience of parenting stress in the toddler years. Early interventions focused on a father's anger issues and the betterment of father-infant relationships may provide benefits for both father and child.

Existing literature has largely focused on the consequences of directly experiencing power on impulsive purchases, yet has omitted the consequences of anticipating power's influence. The objective of this study is to present a two-sided representation of power's effect on impulsive buying, through a theoretical extension from power experiences to power expectations.
To validate the hypothesis, four laboratory experiments were carried out, utilizing the ANOVA technique. A mediation model, moderated by various factors, was devised. Observed variables in the model included power experience, product attributes, power expectations, deservingness, and purchasing impulsiveness.
Analysis of the results reveals that powerless consumers are more inclined to make impulsive purchases of hedonic products, whereas powerful consumers exhibit a greater likelihood of impulsive utilitarian purchases. Abiraterone nmr Although concentrating on the expectations of power, powerless consumers experience a reduced sense of entitlement, thereby diminishing their inclination to acquire hedonistic products. Unlike the typical consumer response, when prominent consumers envision the consumption behaviors of powerful individuals, they will experience an amplified sense of deservingness, leading to an increased propensity for impulsive purchases of products designed to provide pleasure. The experience of power, product attributes, and power expectations converge on purchasing impulsiveness through the intermediary role of deservingness.
The current research offers a distinct theoretical viewpoint on how power affects impulsive purchasing choices. The model of power that follows takes into consideration the impact of experience and expectation, illustrating how consumer purchasing impulsiveness is influenced by both the practical experience of power and the anticipatory aspect of power.
This research proposes a unique theoretical framework to examine how power influences impulsive buying patterns. A model of power, drawing from experience and expectation, is presented, proposing that consumer impulsivity in purchasing is shaped by both the direct experience of power and the perceived expectation of power.

Roma students' academic struggles are often attributed by educators to insufficient parental support and a lack of enthusiasm for their children's schooling. This study, seeking a deeper understanding of Roma parental involvement in their children's school lives and their participation in school-related activities, employed a culturally sensitive story-tool intervention.
Based on an intervention-oriented research design, twelve mothers representing various Portuguese Roma communities were included in this study. Interviews for data collection were conducted before and after the intervention. In order to generate culturally significant interpretations of attitudes, beliefs, and values toward children's educational progress, eight weekly sessions were implemented in the school environment utilizing a story-based tool and hands-on activities.
Applying acculturation theory to the data analysis, critical discoveries emerged, structured under two primary categories: parental involvement patterns in a child's school life and participant engagement within the intervention program.
The data highlight the varied methods Roma parents use to support their children's education, and the importance of mainstream learning environments in building cooperative connections between schools and parents to alleviate hurdles to parental participation.
The data reveal the unique strategies Roma parents utilize in their children's education, emphasizing the significance of mainstream environments that cultivate a supportive atmosphere for fostering collaborative relationships with parents and thereby overcoming hurdles to parental involvement.

To understand the development of consumer self-protective behaviors amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, this study was undertaken, offering insights vital for policies aimed at regulating consumer actions. The Protective Action Decision Model (PADM) serves as the theoretical underpinning for this study, which investigated the development of consumer self-protective intentions in response to risk information. The investigation also included an examination of the factors contributing to the gap between intended and actual protective behaviors, considering the attributes of protective behaviors.
Employing 1265 consumer surveys from the COVID-19 pandemic, an empirical test was carried out to investigate consumer behavior.
The significant positive impact of risk information on consumers' self-protective willingness is moderated positively by the credibility of that information. A positive link exists between the quantity of risk information and consumer self-protective inclinations, mediated by risk perception. The strength of this mediation is negatively influenced by the trustworthiness of the risk information. Concerning consumer self-protective willingness and behavior, attributes related to hazard demonstrate a positive moderating effect within protective behavior attributes, in contrast to resource-related attributes, which exhibit a negative moderating effect. Regarding consumer focus, hazard attributes are prioritized over resource ones, with consumers willing to dedicate extra resources to decrease the likelihood of risk.
Consumer self-protective inclination is considerably boosted by the quantity of risk information provided, while the reliability of that information plays a moderating role in the relationship. Consumers' self-protective readiness is positively mediated by risk perception, with this mediation reliant on the amount of risk information, but the strength of this mediation is inversely influenced by the believability of the risk details. In protective behavior, hazard-related attributes positively moderate the link between consumer self-protective willingness and behavior, while resource-related attributes exert a contrasting moderating influence. Hazard attributes receive greater consumer consideration than resource attributes; consequently, consumers are prepared to allocate more resources to mitigate risks.

An entrepreneurial mindset serves as the driving force for enterprises seeking competitive advantage in shifting conditions. Studies conducted previously revealed the correlation between psychological factors, including entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and entrepreneurial orientation, employing social cognitive theory. However, prior research presented a duality of perspectives regarding the connection between entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial predisposition, encompassing both positive and negative associations without exploring strategies to strengthen this relationship. In the discussion about positive connections, we engage in debate about the value of investigating the black box systems to strengthen enterprises' entrepreneurial predisposition. From 10 enterprises in high-tech industrial zones spread across nine Chinese provinces, we collected 220 valid responses from CEOs and TMTs to explore, through the lens of social cognitive theory, how top management team (TMT) collective efficacy and CEO-TMT interface shape the relationship between entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial orientation. Through our research, we observed a positive link between entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial orientation. Our study indicated that a stronger TMT collective efficacy is associated with a more pronounced positive relationship between entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial orientation. Additionally, we uncovered varying moderating influences. The CEO-TMT interface positively affects entrepreneurial orientation when it operates in conjunction with the collective efficacy of the TMT and the strength of entrepreneurial self-efficacy. The CEO-TMT interface has a substantial, detrimental, indirect influence on entrepreneurial orientation, solely when interacting with TMT collective efficacy. Abiraterone nmr This study advances the entrepreneurial orientation body of knowledge by conceptualizing TMT collective efficacy and CEO-TMT interface as social cognitive foundations underpinning the entrepreneurial self-efficacy-entrepreneurial orientation nexus. In this vein, CEOs and decision-makers are afforded a chance to sustain their market footing, seizing new opportunities through timely market entries and diligent maintenance of existing markets during uncertain times.

Current mediation effect size measures are frequently constrained when the predictor variable is a nominal variable with three or more distinct categories. Abiraterone nmr For this circumstance, a mediation effect size measure was selected. A simulation experiment was conducted with the aim of investigating estimator performance. We varied the number of groups, the sample size for each group, and the magnitude of the effects in the data generation process. Furthermore, we compared effect size estimations with distinct R-squared shrinkage estimators. When estimating across different conditions, the Olkin-Pratt extended adjusted R-squared estimator performed with the lowest bias and the smallest mean squared error. Applying a range of estimators was also part of our analysis on the real data. Guidelines and recommendations for employing this estimator were supplied.

New product success is intrinsically tied to consumer adoption, however, the impact of brand communities on such adoption has been understudied. Utilizing network theory, this research scrutinizes how consumers' involvement in brand communities (categorized by participation intensity and social networking activities) affects the adoption of novel products.