This third section utilizes our findings to describe the probable courses a brain system may follow, resulting in PTSD. Hence, the Dynamic Brain Network Model (DBNM) of PTSD, a concrete framework rooted in network analysis and resilience theory, is presented to examine the change in a brain network's state from pre-trauma (e.g., before the event) to post-trauma (e.g., after the event). NBVbe medium In summary, we present a set of metrics to gauge elements within the DBNM and its possible application in computational models of PTSD.

The reality of both natural and man-made disasters presents a significant societal concern, greatly affecting people's health and well-being. A crucial understanding of how to avert or lessen the psychological and social burdens on affected individuals and communities is essential. Currently, Europe is striving for better coordination of its efforts in addressing cross-border health threats. Further exploration is required into the diverse ways nations care for the psychological and social health of their populations in the aftermath of disasters. European nations' varied psychosocial reactions to substantial terrorist attacks are examined here, focusing on the distinct experiences of Norway, France, and Belgium. Trichostatin A purchase Harmonizing the monitoring, evaluation, and research of post-disaster psychosocial care and support is essential for enhancing our capacity to address future emergencies and building stronger responses.

Is a general theory of memory, encompassing various types and processes, achievable? What potential does sociology offer in advancing this significant scientific project? Two original contributions, discussed in depth in this article, are: (1) Maurice Halbwachs's formulation of collective memory and (2) Niklas Luhmann's conceptualization of social memory. The author details some significant theoretical advancements. Memory is not a collection of archived past events, but a continuous and selective process of choosing between remembering and forgetting, a dynamic interplay of retention and dismissal. The second point to consider is that collective memory and social memory differ fundamentally. The former operates within psychic systems, while the latter operates within systems of social communication. The author investigates how the media handles social memory, specifically regarding the November 13, 2015 attacks in Paris, and demonstrates how these interpretive practices contribute to the construction of traumatic memories.

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) arises from encountering a highly stressful event, including the prospect of death, serious injury, or sexual violence. Intrusions, avoidance, and hypervigilance are symptomatic of this condition. The prevailing view in the literature is that PTSD involves an imbalance between a privileged memory of the emotional and sensory components of traumatic events and an impairment in remembering contextual information. Due to this, PTSD is now identified as a memory disorder that affects numerous parts of an individual. Within this review, we investigate the relationship between PTSD and the enduring nature of memories. Long-term PTSD effects manifest in episodic memory, specifically highlighting the struggles in encoding traumatic event details and the resulting repercussions. The narrative of the trauma may reveal these challenges, characterized by a discourse lacking the necessary contextual elements of the traumatic event. Reliving and generalizing fear to unrelated contexts may also result from these experiences, encompassing both trauma-related and unrelated situations. The article's second section explores how PTSD affects the recall of personal experiences, ultimately impacting the formation of identity and the perception of the past, present, and future for those affected by this disorder. Autobiographical memory, which is critical for personal identity and the preservation of past personal memories, exhibits multiple disrupted forms under the influence of PTSD. A pattern of reduced contextual detail surrounding personal past memories is observed in those with PTSD, directly impacting the accuracy of their recall of past experiences. A noticeable characteristic in PTSD patients is their leaning towards a more negative and unpredictable future projection, which is heavily influenced by a palpable feeling of uncertainty Finally, a shift is detected in how present events are encoded due to the disruptive impact of post-traumatic stress symptoms during the encoding process itself.

An event that risks death, inflicts severe physical harm, or entails sexual violence typically constitutes trauma. Trauma's influence transcends post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), potentially increasing the risk for severe mental illnesses, including mood disorders and psychotic disorders. Dissociation, a significant component of PTSD, is closely linked to exposure to traumatic events. Contrary to expectations based on the link between peri-traumatic dissociation and subsequent PTSD, the data demonstrated that a considerable proportion of people developing PTSD do not display dissociative responses during the acute phase after the experience. Among the factors associated with the development of PTSD are a history of past traumatic events, pre-existing mental health conditions, genetic predispositions, and differences in vulnerability based on gender. A new proposal suggests differentiating PTSD with dissociative symptoms from PTSD without dissociative symptoms, through identifying specific neural signatures for each. Dissociation's impact on cultural values and the way the world is viewed is undeniable. bioceramic characterization Cultural worldviews, self-esteem, and interpersonal relationships, according to terror management theory (TMT), collaborate to shield individuals from the anxiety triggered by the prospect of death. Trauma, by interfering with the anxiety-buffering system, leads to altered beliefs in victims and a sense of social ostracism.

This article will present the historical trajectory of scientific work on human memory, beginning with the end of the 19th century. Initially, the scientific world was predominantly shaped by the contributions of experimental psychology and neuropsychology. Humanities and social sciences research, established in the interwar period, remained detached from the concurrent breakthroughs in psychology and neuroscience. The most significant historical writings about memory stem from two contrasting perspectives: those of Hermann Ebbinghaus, the experimental psychologist who measured memory through self-testing with lists of meaningless syllables, and Maurice Halbwachs, the sociologist who viewed acts of remembrance as socially determined. This ongoing disciplinary closure persisted right up until the end of the 20th century. The 2000s witnessed a significant societal shift, characterized by a growing need to study and grasp the intricate relationship between individual and collective memories. The authors in this article posit that memory sciences are emergent, through the application of dialectical and transdisciplinary methodologies. The Programme 13-Novembre, emblematic of this evolution, forms the foundation of their work. The 13-Novembre Programme has leveraged a range of memory research instruments to analyze the profoundly impactful 2015 Paris attacks and their ripple effects within French society. This document outlines its inception, architectural design, and numerous components, alongside already-published results. Not only does this work possess significant theoretical depth, but it also offers substantial potential applications, specifically in the diagnosis and treatment of various medical conditions, with post-traumatic stress disorder providing a noteworthy illustration.

A concise introduction to a series of articles, originating from the Journee Claude Bernard conference at the Academie Nationale de Medecine, is presented in this article. This session, centered on the themes of memory and trauma, featured presentations from various disciplines, ranging from biological sciences to the humanities. The 13-Novembre Programme's publications explore the traumatic event within French society, the 2015 Paris attacks in the city and its outskirts, and how these events have shaped the development of individual and collective memories of this dreadful event.

This article concisely summarizes Francoise Dieterlen's major scientific discoveries regarding the hematopoietic and endothelial systems, spanning her 40-year career. Remarkably, her achievements include demonstrating an intraembryonic origin of hematopoietic stem cells, meticulously characterizing aortic polarization, identifying hemogenic endothelium and the allantois's function as a hematopoietic amplifier in mouse embryos, and showing that hemogenic endothelium produces hematopoietic stem cells in both chicken and mouse embryonic bone marrow. Despite Francoise Dieterlen not personally conducting this specific research, her guidance and the lessons I learned from our conversations profoundly influenced the conception of this recent discovery during my career. Throughout her distinguished career in hematopoietic development, she will forever hold a position of prominence, acting as a guiding inspiration for all.

From 1984 to 2000, Francoise Dieterlen's laboratory at Nogent-sur-Marne (France) provided the setting for my work, and this tribute compiles personal and scientific recollections. Her exemplary care for her students and emphasis on research fundamentals, discipline, rigor, and patience, profoundly impacted my development.

This text details my presence at the tribute to Dr. Françoise Dieterlen, held at the Sorbonne University's Pierre et Marie Curie Campus in Paris on June 21st, 2022. I commend Dr. [Mentor's last name], my doctoral thesis director and mentor, for her significant contributions to the fundamental understanding of embryonic hematopoiesis and its interplay with the vascular system. In my testimony, I also describe traits of her personality that have influenced the development of my own character.