Finally, as data were collected at three sites, effects for site were also tested. RESULTS Participant Characteristics selleckchem Dovitinib Detailed participant characteristics can be found in Tables 1 and and2.2. Retention rates by treatment condition are shown in Table 3. The study sample was predominantly male, ethnically/racially diverse, and of low socioeconomic status. Less than a fifth of the sample was employed, and a large proportion was homeless or living in transitional housing. Rates of lifetime psychiatric disorders and illicit drug use in the past month were high. Significant differences between treatment groups were found on three variables. Smokers in the SH condition were older (p < .01) and more likely to have a history of a major depressive episode (p < .05) than participants in the other two conditions.

Smokers in the CBI condition were more likely to have met criteria for bipolar disorder than the other two conditions (p < .05). Table 3. Percent Abstinent (a) and Mean Number of Cigarettes Smoked (b) by Treatment Condition and Assessment Week The number of cigarettes smoked per day and the Fagerstr?m dependence score indicate moderate levels of nicotine dependence. Less than half of the sample (44%) endorsed a smoking treatment goal of total cigarette abstinence. These baseline characteristics are consistent with clinic census data indicating that the sample is representative of the clinic populations. Smoking Outcome Percentage smoking abstinent ranged from 15% to 29% with no statistically significant difference among the treatment conditions (Figure 2 and Table 3).

Estimates from the mixed-effects regression model are summarized in Table 4. Those employed, those who reported a greater desire to quit, or those with lower mood disturbance scores were more likely to achieve abstinence. Table 4. Estimates and Tests of Model Parameters Figure 2. Analyses of point prevalence abstinence rates by treatment condition and time indicate no significant overall differences between treatments across time. No differences in sustained abstinence were found nor were there effects based on recruitment site. However, the number of cigarettes participants reported smoking in the 24hr prior to each assessment significantly declined over time (p < .001) with means at each assessment of 17.8, 8.7, 10.5, 11.1, and 11.5.

The treatment conditions did not differ in this decline (see Table 3), and a similar effect was found when participants Batimastat were asked about the number of cigarettes in the prior week. NRT Use Self-report of NRT use was not collected. NRT distribution was recorded as a surrogate of NRT compliance. There were no significant differences in NRT distribution as a function of treatment condition. Mean number of patches distributed was 51.5, 44.7, and 47.0 for participants in the SH, CBI, and IC conditions, respectively (p = .172). Mean pieces of gum distributed was 530.9, 467.5, and 471.