g., maintenance of a single face for one second). However, the types of tasks that have demonstrated WM impairments in amnesia tend to have involved novel stimuli. We hypothesized that

WM may be impaired in amnesia for tasks that require maintaining novel information, but may be preserved for more familiar material, particularly if the material can be easily rehearsed. To test this hypothesis, patient HC, a 22-year-old developmental amnesic with relatively preserved semantic memory and 20 age and education matched controls performed a delayed match-to-sample task that required maintaining a single famous or non-famous face for 1-8 s, digit span and reading span tasks, and a modified Brown-Peterson task that required maintaining a single high- or low-frequency word or a non-word for 4-8 s. HC’s performance was impaired for non-famous

faces but preserved for famous faces, GSK690693 in vivo impaired for the reading span task but preserved for digit span, and it was impaired for non-words and unfamiliar low-frequency words but preserved for familiar words. These results support the hypothesis that an intact hippocampus is necessary for maintaining a single novel stimulus in WM. However, stimulus familiarity and rehearsal support WM via cortical regions independent of the MTI.. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Background. Screening of patients for common mental disorders (CMDs) is needed in primary-care management programmes. This study aimed to compare the

screening properties of five widely used this website questionnaires.

Method. Adult attenders in five primary-care settings in India were recruited through systematic sampling. Four questionnaires were administered, in pairs, in random order to participants: the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ, 12 Selleck APR-246 items); the Primary Health Questionnaire (PHQ, nine items); the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10, 10 items), and from which we could extract the score of the shorter 6-item K6; and the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ, 20 items). All participants were interviewed with a structured lay diagnostic interview, the Revised Clinical Interview Schedule (CIS-R).

Results. Complete data were available for 598 participants (participation rate 99.3 %). All five questionnaires showed moderate to high discriminating ability; the GHQ and SRQ showed the best results. All five showed moderate to high degrees of correlation with one another, the poorest being between the two shortest questionnaires, K6 and PHQ. All five had relatively good internal consistency. However, the positive predictive value (PPV) of the questionnaires compared with the diagnostic interview ranged from 51 % to 77 % at the optimal cut-off scores.

Conclusions.