Sociodemographic factors, Mini-Mental State Examination, medical conditions (stroke, heart attack,

diabetes, arthritis, cancer, and hypertension), and depressive symptoms were obtained. Main outcome measure was risk of becoming frail over 10 years.

Out of 942 participants who were nonfrail at baseline (1995-1996), 57.8% were women and the mean age was 73.7 years (SD = 5.3). In general estimation equation models testing the relationship between Mini-Mental State Examination (< 21 vs. >= 21) and the risk of becoming frail over a 10-year period, SC79 datasheet there was a significant association (odds ratio = 1.09, 95% confidence interval = 1.00-1.19; p = .0310)] between the cognition-by-time interaction and odds of becoming prefrail or frail over time. This association was independent of age, sex, marital status, education, time, and medical conditions, indicating that nonfrail participants

with poor cognition had a 9% odds per year of becoming frail over time compared with those with good cognition.

Low Mini-Mental State Examination score was independently associated with increased risk of frailty over a 10-year period in older Mexican Americans. Low Mini-Mental State Examination score may be an early marker for future risk of frailty.”
“Determining prognosis for nursing home residents is important for care planning, but reliable Tanespimycin manufacturer prediction is difficult. We compared performance of four long-term mortality risk indices for nursing VX-661 molecular weight home residents-the Minimum Data Set Mortality Risk Index (MMRI), a recent revision to this index (MMRI-R), and the original and revised Flacker-Kiely models.

We conducted a prospective cohort study in one 92-bed facility in Missouri. Participants were 130 residents who received a Minimum Data Set assessment from May through October, 2007. We

collected the Minimum Data Set variables needed to calculate the mortality risk scores. We determined 6- and 12-month mortality for included residents. Using each mortality risk score as the sole independent predictor in logistic models predicting mortality, we determined discrimination (c-statistic) and calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit statistic) for each model.

In our sample, discrimination was 0.59 for both the MMRI and the MMRI-R. Discrimination of the original Flacker-Kiely model was 0.69 for both 6 months and 1 year and 0.71 and 0.70, respectively, for the revised model. Model calibration was adequate for all models.

Performance of four models that predict long-term mortality of nursing home residents was fair. In our population, the Flacker-Kiely models had similar and markedly better discrimination than either the MMRI or the MMRI-R.”
“Many elderly adults fall every year, sometimes resulting in serious injury and hospitalization.