The data were described using means and standard deviations. Two tailed t test was used to determine the statistical signifi cance of the differences between two means. Fisher Exact test was used to compare the difference between two pro portions. A P value of less than 0. 05 was considered statis tically significant. Results Patients characteristics This study included 82 patients with Veliparib supplier a mean age of 50. 3 20. 7 years. The demographic and clinical characteristics of patients shown in Table 1. All patients were treated with the same type ESA according to body weight. G6PD level and adequacy of dialysis Table 2 shows the laboratory and clinical characteristics of the patients based on the adequacy of hemodialysis as mea sured by Kt V. The mean erythrocyte G6PD activity for all patients on hemodialysis was 7.

64 1. 85 U g Hb. Patients who had received adequate hemodialysis had a significantly higher average erythrocyte G6PD 9. 2 0. 7 U g Hb compared to patients who had inadequate hemodialysis 5. 7 0. 7U g Hb. There were no significant differences in the prevalence of diabetes between patients with adequate hemodialysis and those with inadequate hemodialysis. The mean hemoglobin concentration was significantly higher in patients with adequate hemodialysis compared to those with inadequate hemodialysis. The mean average ESA dose was lower in patients with adequate HD compared with those with inadequate HD. Discussion This study showed that there was significant difference in the erythrocyte G6PD activity level in patients with adequate HD compared to those with inad equate HD.

Patients with adequate HD had significantly higher erythrocyte G6PD activity and hemoglobin levels compared to patients who received inadequate HD. Despite prior studies showing lower G6PD activity in diabetes mellitus, the preva lence of diabetes was not significantly different between our two groups. Therefore, diabetes was unlikely to be a confounding factor in the association between adequate hemodialysis and G6PD activity levels. Interestingly, pa tients with adequate HD required a lower average weekly dose of ESA to reach the target hemoglobin level over the one year of the study than those with inadequate HD. This supports the theory that hemodialysis ad equacy is the main factor responsible for higher G6PD activity levels in these patients.

This is in agreement with other studies that have demonstrated that patients with adequate HD had a better response to ESA than those patients with inadequate HD. Adequate HD in our study has been shown to be asso ciated with higher hemoglobin levels in patients on maintenance HD than patients with inadequate HD, al though patients with inadequate HD had Regorafenib a higher reticu locyte percentage compared to patients with adequate HD. Despite the fact that reticulocytes had higher G6PD activity than older RBCs, patients with inadequate HD still had lower G6PD activity levels.