We hypothesized that trilostane may exert antidepressive effects in the forced swim in part due to actions through ER beta. Trilostane (25 mg/kg, intraperitoneally), compared with vehicle, had significant antidepressant-like effects but only when administered to wild-type, not ER beta knockout, mice. Thus, actions of trilostane through ER beta may underlie some of its antidepressant-like effects. NeuroReport 20:1047-1050 (C) 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.”
“In an earlier study, we reported the antinociceptive effects of a special repetitive

transcranial magnetic stimulation paradigm: continuous theta-burst stimulation (cTBS), when applied to human motor cortex. Here, we investigated whether the reduced subjective pain perception of 10 healthy individuals could be measured by changes in laser-evoked potentials, a reflection of pain Pitavastatin research buy related activations in the operculoinsular and midcingulate cortex. To minimize the effect NCT-501 research buy of habituation during repeated laser stimulation, a bioadaptive design was used. However, both pain ratings and laser-evoked potential amplitudes were reduced after real and sham cTBS. When compared with sham stimulation, cTBS resulted in a significantly greater diminution of pain ratings and N2-P2 amplitudes

on the hand contralateral to the site of motor cortex stimulation. NeuroReport 20:1051-1055 (C) 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.”
“Although a common VX-661 ic50 pain response, whether swearing alters individuals’ experience of pain has not been investigated. This study investigated whether swearing affects cold-pressor pain tolerance (the ability to withstand immersing the hand in icy water), pain perception

and heart rate. In a repeated measures design, pain outcomes were assessed in participants asked to repeat a swear word versus a neutral word. In addition, sex differences and the roles of pain catastrophising, fear of pain and trait anxiety were explored. Swearing increased pain tolerance, increased heart rate and decreased perceived pain compared with not swearing. However, swearing did not increase pain tolerance in males with a tendency to catastrophise. The observed pain-lessening (hypoalgesic) effect may occur because swearing induces a fight-or-flight response and nullifies the link between fear of pain and pain perception. NeuroReport 20: 1056-1060 (C) 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.”
“Identifiable neurons in the silkmoth brain were studied physiologically after loading of Ca2+ indicator by local electroporation. Small groups of neurons with projections in confined regions of the antennal lobe were labeled, and Ca2+ imaging showed differences in the dose-response characteristics between projection neurons of the macroglomerular complex that responded to different pheromone components.